Probability Part 1

This lesson on probability introduces key terms and concepts, including the probability scale, expected frequencies, mutually exclusive events, possibility space diagrams, and independent events. The lesson also provides practical examples, such as tossing a coin and selecting balls from a bag, to demonstrate how to calculate probabilities in various scenarios. Additionally, the lesson touches on the butterfly effect and the potential impact of seemingly independent events. Overall, this lesson provides a solid foundation for understanding probability and sets the stage for more complex calculations in future lessons.

An introduction to some terms in probability and how to determine the probability of several different events.

• What is a probability scale?
• What is the formula for determining the probability of an event?
• What values are possible for the probability of an event?
• What is an expected frequency of an event happening?
• What is the difference between expected and observed frequency or probability?
• If there are 5 red balls, 2 blue balls, and 3 green balls in a bag, what is the probability of drawing a red ball or p(red)?
• If there are 5 red balls, 2 blue balls, and 3 green balls in a bag, what is the probability of NOT drawing a green ball or p(not green)?
• If there are 5 red balls, 2 blue balls, and 3 green balls in a bag, what is the probability of drawing a yellow ball or p(yellow)?
• If there are 5 red balls, 2 blue balls, and 3 green balls in a bag, you pick a green ball and do not replace it in the bag, what is the probability of drawing another green ball or p(green given green)?
• If there are 5 red balls, 2 blue balls, and 3 green balls in a bag, you pick a green ball and do not replace it in the bag, what is the probability of drawing a red ball or p(red given green)?
• Why does p(not e) = 1 - P(e)?
• What are mutually exclusive events?
• When does P(a or b) = P(a) + P(b)?
• What is the probability of rolling a 4 or 6 on a die or P(4 or 6)?
• What are possibility space diagrams?
• If you roll two dice, one red, one blue, and you add the scores to find your total score, why are there 36 equally likely outcomes and what are they?
• What is the probability of rolling a 7 when you roll two dice?
• What is the probability or getting a score greater than 8 when you roll 2 dice?
• What is the probability of rolling a prime number score when you roll 2 dice?
• What are independent events in probability?
• When you toss a coin and roll a die, what is the probability of flipping a head and rolling a 5 or p(head and 5)?